Multiplying mechanism for calculating machines



Nov. 8, 1932. B COLLINS 1,886,781

MULTIPLYING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed June 19, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet l 1 N VEN TOR.

Nov. 8, 1932. c. B. COLLINS MULTIPLYING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed June 19, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Nov. 8, 1932. c. B. COLLINS MULTIPLYING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed June 19 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 H3 NE mm 9 Wm mm INVENTOR.

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NOV. 8, 1932. c, coLLlNs 1,886,781

MULTIPLYING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed June 19, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 o L932- (3. B. coLLms 1, 9

MULTIPLYING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed June 19, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TOR.

C. H. QGLLHNiiZ MULTIPLYING MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING MACHINES Filed June 1.9 1929 6 Sheets shee'b 6 so 65 9o INVENTOR.

I Patented Nov. 8, 1932 PATENT OFFICE CHARLES IBOWER COLLINS, OF SAN FRANCISCO, QALIFORNIA.

nUL'rIrLYINe MECHANISM ron CALCULATING MACHINES Application filed June 19, 1929. Serial N0. 372,114.

So far as I am aware all known multiplying machines fall into one of two classes: 1) those in which the multiplying is effected by continuous addition; (2) those in which the multiplying is effected by the Bollee method,that is to say, the method described in U. S. Patent No. 556,720 of March 17 1896 granted to L. Bollee. I have discovered means whereby multiplication may be eliect- 19 ed by the same direct method as is employed in arithmetical multiplication,-that is to say, by setting up the multiplicand on the machine and multiplying it, digit by digit of the multiplier, by universal operative means.

Reduced to its elements, the mechanism I have invented comprises (1) means for rotating or oscillating the members representing the multiplicand by a universal movement regulated by the value of the digit re resenting the multiplier being handled on t e machine, each individual constituent of the multiplicand being idled according to the value of the digit it represents; (2) means of transferring a plurality of tens from a lower to a higher order numeral wheel of the multiplication register in accordance with the requirements of direct arithmetical multiplication. The maximum transfer capacity necessary is evidently 9 being 8 (to be transferred on 9 being multiplied by 9) plus 1 to take care of any carry through from a still lower order numeral wheel. Therefore the transfer means used in the register provides for advancing a higher order numeral wheel nine or any less number of steps. This feature of my invention, viz. the means of transferr ng a plurality of tens is obviously an important characteristic of my invention, and so far as I know is absolutely novel.

The use of this transfer means is not necessarily limited to a multiplying machine as it may be used in any form of calculating machine in which it is desirable to delay the transferring of the tens until several accumulating operations have taken place.

My invention may be used either solely as a multiplying machine or in combination with a calculating machine for adding, subtracting, etc. In the following specification,

the combination is described, the mechanism whereby the adding operative handle may be utilized for operating the multiplying handle I being an important feature thereof.

The mechanism disclosed in this application is not intended to be controlled directly by multiplicand keys but it is obvious that the mechanism may be adapted for direct control. In business practice, it is found that the multiplicand of a multiplication sum is usually the total of an addition sum. To to avoid resetting the multiplicand, I have devised means whereby the total in the addition register is directly transferred in to the multiplication mechanism. The addition mechanism forms no part of this invention. The addition mechanism of any form of conventional adding machine may be used. The mechanism shown in Burroughs, No. 504,963, 1893 may be read in conjunction with this application and will answer for the purpose of a conventional adding machine.

The following specification should be read with the accompanying six sheets of drawings showing seventeen figures of which Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a calculating machine including my multiplying mechamsm.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the multiplying mechanism with the top casing and a number of other parts removed.

Fig. 3 shows the multiplying mechanism in longitudinal vertical section view, along line IIIIII in Fig.

Fig. 4 1s a detail view of the multiplicand setting segment and the multiplying segments after the former has been set in the 6 position. (The dotted lines indicate the multiplying segment at the maximum of its upward movement.)

Fig. 5 is a detail view of the carry setting pinions, showing the mutilated pinion set in the 9 positio Fig. 6 shows the multiplier keys and the settable operating mechanism in longitudinal vertical section.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical section View, along line VIIVII in Fig. 2, showing the internal ratchet holding the numeral wheel. I

Fig. 8 is a transverse vertical section view, 1

along line VIII-VIII in Fig. 2, of one of the numeral wheels.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal vertical section view of the handle clutch mechanism, showing the devices for engaging the multiplying mechanism with the operating handle.

Figs. 10 and 11 are detail views of the handle-operated levers of the handle clutch mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a view in a longitudinal vertical section, of the mechanism for the universal driving bar.

Fig. 13 is a longitudinal vertical section view, along line XIIIXIII in Fig. 2, showing the double-acting positive stop in connection with the carrying mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal vertical section view along line XIV-XIV in Fig. 2 showing the operative means for driving the camshaft inconnection with the carrying mechanism.

Fig. 15 is a transverse vertical section view,

' showlng the mechanism for stepping the mul tiplication register.

Fig. 16 is a detail view of the devices for rocking the pinions in connection with the multiplicand setting segments and the devices for restoring said segments into normal position.

Fig. 17 is a detail view of the devices for operating the stepping of the register.

Multiplz'oand setting-up devices Referring to Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 16, key is provided, having a stem 26 passing through slots in top-plates 27 and 28, which serve as guides. The extremity of keystem 26 contacts arm 29 of bell-crank lever 30 which is rigidly mounted on transverse shaft 31 journalled to the side plates 32 and 33. To the lower end of bell-crank lever 30 is loosely pinned rod 34 the other end of which is loosely pinned to arm 35 of bell-crank lever 36 which is loosely mounted on transverse fixed shaft 37. Arm 38 of bell-crank lever 36 has rigidly mounted on it transverse rocking shaft 39. Loosely mounted on shaft 39 is a series of pinions 40 which are constantly in mesh withv pinions 41 mounted on shaft 37 and normally out of mesh with pinions 43 associated with numeral wheels 44 (Fig. 2) of the addition register 45 (Fig. 1) pinions 43 being loosely mounted on transverse fixed shaft 46.

The mechanism hereinbefore described is located on a line from rear to front of the machine directly beneath the multiplication operative key 25, which is located as shown, in Fig. 1. Reciprocal mechanism is provided on the opposite (i. e the right hand) side of the machine, which is identical in all respects with the hereinbefore described mechanism except for the absence of key 25 and the substitution of an arm 47 fixed to the shaft 31 for bell-crank lever 30.

' A series of segments 48 (Figs. 3 and 4) are partially rotating shaft 31 and moving rearward lever 47 and the lower end of bell-crank lever 30. Thereby rods 34 are drawn rearward, moving cross-rod 39 (fast to the arms 38 of bell-crank levers 36) thus bringing pinions 40 into mesh with pinions 43 of the addition register 45.

Rigid with these segments 48 are segmental ratchets 49 coacting with which are ratchet pawls 50 loosely mounted on transverse fixed shaft 51. Pawls 50 have a tail 52 in which is secured an extension spring 53 the other end of which is secured to a fixedtransverse rod 54 by which means pawl 50 is held in the teeth of segmental ratchet 49. Each segment 48 is held against pawl 50 by the tension of an extension spring 55 secured between hole 56 drilled in tailpiece 57 of segment 48 and transverse rod 58. Segment 48 has an arm 59, the purpose of which is hereinafter described.

When operating handle 60 is pulled forward the addition register 45 is cancelled or zeroized, the cancellation devices of the addition mechanism having been set in operative position by the manipulation of key 25 by means not shown. The movement required to advance numeral wheels 44 of the addition register 45 to zero is imparted by the addition driving racks and rotates pinions 43, 40, and 41 and swings multiplicand segments 48 to a position according as the value of the several digits of the transferred multiplicand falls short of 10.

Multiplying segments and transmission gears Multiplying segment 61 see Figs. 3 and 4) is loosely mounted on same fixed transverse shaft 62 as multiplicand segment 48. Segment 61 is provided with a tailpiece 63 having an arc-shaped slot 64 in which universal driving bar 65 has an oscillatory movement. Bar 65passes through slots provided in side plates 32 and 33 and is supported by and fixed to levers 66 (Fig. 12) which are loosely mounted on shaft 62. Bar 65 is normally positioned in the upper end of slot 64, segment 61 being held against it by the tension of spring 67 secured between hole 68 drilled in the tail-piece 63 of segment 61 and transverse fixed rod 7 O. In mesh with multiplying segment 61 is a ten tooth pinion 71 loosely mounted on fixed transverse shaft 72. Mounted on same fixed transverse shaft 72 and a little to the left of pinion 71 is a twenty tooth gear 73. Between pinion 71 and gear 73 and rigidly pinned to gear 73 is a flange 74 having ten ratchet teeth 75 cut into its internal surface. Pawl 7 6 is pivoted on stud 77 rigid with pinion 71 and is held in ratchet teeth 75 by curved spring 78, one end of which is fixed in pawl 76, the other end being fastened to pinion 71 by means of a pin 79. By this'ratchet combination a one-way driving movement is produced.

When the operating handle is pulled forward, the universal bar oscillates a number of times predetermined by the value of the particular digit of the multiplier. The mechanism for regulating the number of oscillations of the driving bar 65 will be later described. When the universal driv'ng bar 65 descends, segment 61 follows, under tension of spring 67, until checked by stop 81, fixed on segment 61, contacting arm 59 of multiplicand segment 48. Thus it is apparent the movement of multiplying segment 61 is regulated by the setting of multiplicand segment 48 accord ng to the value of the particular digit of the multiplicand. \Vhen the several multiplying segments 48 of the various denominational orders stop in their several set positions, universal bar 65finishes its movement independently by passing along the several slots 64. The segments 48 are then returned to normal position upon the rising movement of driving bar 65.

.llult'iplz'cationregister and tens carrying mechanism The number of index units required in the organization of the multiplication register is, of course, fixed by the greatest number of digits in any prospective product. In other words, if the multiplicand comprises five digits and the register has capacity for a product of ten digits, the multiplier may not comprise more than five digits. In the mechanism herein described and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, the register has ca acity for a product of ten digits, but the devices described are plainly applicable to a machine organized to handle a product of any reasonable number of dig ts.

The location of the multiplication register 82 is shown in Fig. 1. It will be noticed that while the mechanism is in cancelled cond tion, 0 is exhibited at six apertures; and it may be here explained that after the units digit of the multipl er has been handled on the machine, another unit of the register will come into view at an aperture by reason of the register having been stepped as hereinafter described. Also, as hereinafter ex plained, while the register is stepped, the carrying members and the concom tant camshaft co-act with, in turn, the five index members of the register counting from the tends order, and so on until counting from the tenthousandth order of the product, the five register units on the extreme left of the register are brought into use.

Under this head are described (1) ,the register itself comprising members 71. series all mounted on the same non-rotatable shaft 88 in transverse position in the stepping frame which travels laterally in a manner and by a means described under the head of register stepping mechanism; (2) the series of carrying members which are adapted to be set individually according to the number of revolutions of the next lower order index wheel with which each is associated; and the camshaft 1-00 which during the return movement of the operating handle 60 is rotated once, restoring all set members into normal position and concomitantly advancing the next higher order index wheel a number of steps corresponding with the position in which the carrying member has been set.

To simplify the description, a single unit of the register will be described. Numeral wheel 83 is in conformation a disk- 84 with flange 85, on the external circumference of which are engraved the numbers 0 to 9 (see Figs. 7 and 8). The internal circumference of flange 85 is provided with ten ratchet teeth 86 co-acting with which is a curved spring 87 made fast to shaft 88 by a pin 89. The form of ratchet teeth 86 is such that any backward movement of numeral wheel 83 is positively stopped and'that numeral wheel 83 is retained in one of ten predetermined positions. On one side of numeral wheel 83 and rigid with it is gear 80, which is in mesh with gear 73 in association with multiplying segment 61. On the other side is a mutilated gear 90 also rigid with it. This mutilated gear 90 has one tooth 91 left of an original twenty teeth. The numeral wheel 83, gear 80, and mutilated gear 90 are all rotatably mounted on the same shaft 88. On a parallel transverse shaft 92 which is set in the side plates 32 and 33 is twenty tooth gear 93 so positioned in relation'to mutilated gear 90 that every revolution of the latter drives gear 93 one-tenth of a revolution. Rigid with gear 93 and rotatably mounted on the same fixed shaft 92 pinion 94.- is in mesh with gear 95 loosely mounted on fixed transverse shaft 97 and having rigid with it pinion 96 loosely mounted on same shaft 91. In mesh with pinion 96 is segment 98 which is provided with five teeth and rotatably mounted on fixed transverse shaft 99 set in side plates 32 and 33. Arm 101 of segment 98 is provided with a roller 102 rigid with arm 101. Upon every revolution of the lower order numeral wheel 83, gear 93 is driven thereby, through the medium of toothed wheels 94, 95, and 96, driving segment 98 downward and bringing roller 102 farther into the path of its corresponding cam 104 on the camshaft now to be described.

Shaft 100 journalled in the side plates 32, 33, and 105 is provided with a series of projections or cams 104 (see Figs. 2 and 3) arranged spirally on it, so that when shaft 100 is driven, (during the return movement of the operating handle 60 by means her inafter described) one complete revolution, the cams 104 contact seriatim with roller 102 on each segment 98, commencing with the segment 98 of the lowestordinal value of those set, and thereby all the set segments 98 are restored into normal position. The movement resulting from the restoration of segments 98 into normal position (when transmitted through gears 96, 95, and 94 to gear 93) is imparted to gear of the next higher numeral wheel 83 by a train of gears which I proceed to describe. (The restoration movement of segment 98 has no effect on the lower order numeral wheel 83, tooth 91 of mutilated gear when not driving gear 93 being entirely out of mesh with it.)

On the periphery of gear 93 is a flange 106 rigid with it, having cut into its internal surface ten internal ratchet teeth 107. Loosely mounted on transverse shaft 92 is a fifteen tooth gear 108 carrying, rigid with it, stud 110 on which is loosely mounted pawl 111 held in teeth 107 by a curved spring 112 pinned to the side of gear 108. By means of this ratchet combination, movement of gear 93 imparted to it by tooth 91 of mutilated gear 90 of the next lower order numeral wheel 83 has no effect on gear 108, while movement (in the opposite direction) resulting from the restoration of segment 98 has the effect of driving gear 108. Gear 108 is in mesh with gear 109 loosely mounted on fixed transverse shaft 113 and in mesh with gear 80 of the next higher order numeral wheel 83. As the extent of restoration movement of segment 98 is equal to the number of steps that it has been set by the revolutions of the lower order index wheel, the higher order index wheel is set ahead a number of steps corresponding to the number of complete revolutions of the lower order index wheel.

To prevent overrunning of the carrying mechanism after either the setting or the driving movements, I provide a double-acting positive stop now to be described. On the external side of flange 106 which is rigid with the periphery of gear 93, as already stated, are cut ten short external ratchet teeth 114. Pawl 115 loosely pivoted on fixed transverse rod 116 has a toe 117 held against a tooth 114 by extension spring 118 stretched between transverse rod 119 and pawl 115, being fastened in hole 120 drilled in tail 121 of pawl 115. Rigid with mutilated gear 90 of the next lower order numeral wheel 83 is a stud 122 so positioned as to contact with nose 123 of pawl 115 thereby lifting it and permitting forward movement of ratchet teeth 114 upon the setting movement of gear 93 by tooth 91 of mutilated gear 90. On the driving movement of the carrying mechanism, toe 117 of pawl 115 slips 'over the ratchet teeth 114 (the movement being in the opposite direction) and the movement of the carrying members is checked by the contacting of toe 117 of pawl 115 with stud 124 rigid with the last ratchet tooth 114.

Numeral wheel 83 being in ratchet association with multiplying segment 61 and with I are set in side plates 32 and 33. Nose 127 (see Fig. is normally held against a tooth of gear 80 (thereby looking it against rotation) by extension spring 128 secured in hole 129 (drilled in tail-piece 130 of pawl 125) and on cross rod 131. Rigid with toe 132 of pawl 125 is a stud 133 having loosely mounted thereon roller 134 normally held in the spaces between the teeth of pinion 71. When pinion 71 is rotated (under the driving influence of multiplying segment 61) pawl 125 is oscillated by teeth of pinion 71 passing under roller 134. This oscillatory movement allows gear 80 to escape under nose 127 until the movement of pinion 71 ceases when nose 127 is again held against the teeth of gear 80 thereby locking it against further rotation. To liftnose 127 during the driving movement of the carrying mechanism, stud 135 is provided, rigid with nose 127 and working in slot 136 of pawl 137 loosely pivoted on transverse rod 138 rigid with side plates 32 and 33. Roller 139, loosely mounted on stud 140 fixed to toe 141 of pawl 137, works in the teeth of gear 109 in the same manner as roller 134 works in the teeth of pinion 71. The oscillatory movement given to roller 139 is transmitted to pawl 125 by slot 136 working against stud 135 thus oscillating nose 127 and permitting the rotation of gear 80 in the manner hereinbefore described.

Multiplier setting mechanism Located on the machine as shown in Fig. l, are nine keys to represent digits of the multiplier. The stems 142 of keys 150 are supported and guided by slots in top plates 27 and 28. On keystems 142 between top plates 27 and 28 (see Fig. 6) are projections 143 which, by striking against lower top plate 28, limit the length of the strokes of keys 150. The extremities of keystems 142 are bent to form projections 144 resting against notches 145 provided in the side of segment 146 pivoted on fixed transverse rod 147. Segment 146 is provided with teeth 148 which are constantly in mesh with those of segment 149 loosely mounted on transverse shaft 151 fast with side plates 33 and 105. Segment 149 has an arm 152 with stud 153 set rigidly in it. Pawl 154 is loosely mounted on stud 153 and by means of curved spring 155 is held in the teeth of ratehet'wheel 156 which is loosely mounted on shaft 151. When one of the keys 150 is manipulated, segment 146 is depressed thereby partially rotating segment 149 which, by means of arm 152, carries pawl 154 ahead a number of teeth of ratchet wheel 156 equal to the value of the digit represented by the key 150 manipulated.

Rotatably mounted on shaft 151 is sleeve 158 partially rotated by the forward movement of the operating handle 60 and restored into normal position by the return of the handle 60. Rigid with this sleeve 158 is arm 159 adapted, when driven, to contact wlth stop 160 rigid with segment 149. This drives segment 149 thus restoring it into normal position (and with it the key 150prev1ously manipulated) and thereby carrying with 1t pawl 154 and by this means advancing ratchet wheel 156 a number ofsteps equal to the value of the digit of the multiplier repre- VII resented by the key 150 manipulated. To prevent any overrunning of ratchet wheel 156, I provide, rigid with ratchet wheel 156 and mounted on same shaft 151, another ratchet wheel 161 identical with ratchet wheel 156 in all respects except that the teeth of ratchet wheel 161 run in the opposite di-.

rection to those of ratchet wheel 156. Pawl 162 loosely mounted on shaft 185 is held, locking the teeth of ratchet wheel 162, by the contacting of stud 153, rigid with arm 152, against bevel face 164 of pawl 162. When pawl 154 is set (thereupon removing stud 163) pawl 162 is withdrawn from contact with the teeth of ratchet wheel 161 by spring 165 stretched between hole 166 (drilled in pawl 162) and transverse fixed rod 167. (Spring 165 is prevented from pulling pawl 162 an excessive distance by transverse rod 168.) At the end of the restoration movement of segment 149, stud 163 againv contacts with bevel face 164, forcing pawl 162 into contact with the teeth of ratchet wheel 161 thereby preventing overrunning of the ratchet wheel 156.

Rigid with ratchet wheel 161 and loosely mounted on same shaft 151 is a thirty tooth gear 169 in mesh with ten tooth pinion 170 loosely mounted on transverse shaft 171. Rigid with this pinion 170 is a twenty tooth gear 172 which is in mesh with ten tooth pinion 173 mounted on fixed transverse shaft 174 having in like manner rigid with it gear 175 in mesh with pinion 176. Gear 178 rigid with this pinion 176 and mounted on shaft 177 is in turn in mesh with pinion 17 9 mounted on shaft 180 and having fixed to it, gear 181 which is in mesh with sixteen tooth gear 182 loosely mounted on shaft 183. The effect of this train of gears is to turn gear 182 thirty times for each revolution of gear 169, or, in other words, to turn gear 182 once for each tooth of ratchet wheel 156 that pawl 154 is set by the manipulation of one of the multiplier keys 150.

Rigid with gear 182 and loosely mounted on same shaft 183 is eccentric cam 184 n0 rmally holding universal driving bar 65 in raised position. As already stated, the ends of bar 65 are supported by levers 66 pivoted on extensions of shaft 62 on both sides of the machme. For each revolution of cam 184, universal bar 65 is lowered and raised once. If desired, another cam 184 may be provided on the other side of the machine so as to lift bar 65 at both ends.

Der/ices for connecting multiplying mechanism with addition operative handle The operating handle 60, operating both addition and multiplication mechanisms, is provided with known devices for cushioning and compelling a full stroke. In order to engage and disengage the handle 60 from the multiplication mechanism at the will of the operator, it provide mechanism now to be described. Connected to any convenient arm of the handle operative mechanism that moves backward upon the forward movement of the operating handle 60 being restored by the return of the handle, is rod 186 the other or forward end of which is loosely pinned to lever 189 which is loosely mounted on fixed transverse shaft 190. Another lever 191 is loosely mounted on same shaft 190 and adapted to allow lever 189 to move independcntly of it. Lever 191 has loosely pinned to ts lower end rod 192 the other end of which is loosely pinned to, arm 193 rigid with sleeve 158, hereinbefore mentioned.

In shoulders 194 and 195 of levers 189 and 191 are two open slots 196 and 197 which are parallel to each other. Short rod 198 is normally held out of these slots 196 and 197 b bevel arm 202 of star-wheel 200 loosely mounted on transverse fixed shaft 203. Rod 198 is supported by and fast to two levers 199 the other ends of which are loosely pinned to levers 201 loosely mounted on shaft 190, one of levers 201 being firmly pinned to lever 191. Rigid with starheel 200 and rotatably mounted on same shaft 203 is ratchet wheel 204, held in position by detent pawl 205 pivoted on cross rod 206 and held in the teeth of ratchet wheel 204 by spring 207 secured between hole 208 (drilled in tail-piece 209 of pawl 205) and transverse rod 210. Lever 211 loosely mounted on shaft 203 has rigidly mounted on its extremity, stud 212 upon which is loosely mounted pawl 213 held in the teeth of ratchet wheel 204 by curved spring 214 one end of which is fast to pawl 213 and the other end is pinned to lever 211. Held against stop 215 which is rigid with lever 211 are two levers 216 and 217. Loosely pinned to the end of lever 216 is floating rod 218 the other end of which is loosely pinned to lever 47 of multiplication operative key 25. The other lever 217 has secured to it spring 219, the other end of which is secured in hole 220 of rod 221 the other end being loosely pinned to bell-crank lever 222 loosely mounted on fixed transverse shaft 223. Multiplication cancellation key 225, positioned directly above bell-crank lever 222, is provided with stem 226 passing through slots in top plates 27 and 28 which support and guide it.

\Vhen multiplication operative key 25 is manipulated, arm 29 of bell-crank lever 30 is depressed thereby moving lever 47 rearward and drawing rod 218 thereby moving lever 216 which presses against stop 215 moving ratchet wheel 204 one tooth ahead. This partially rotates star-wheel 200 one-eighth of a revolution in a counter-clockwise direction thereby lowering short rod 198 into open slots 196 and 197. Short rod 198 when in slots 196 and 197 locks lever 189 with lever 191 so that any movement of operating handle 6O drives sleeve 158 (through rods 186 and 192 and locked levers 189 and 191.)

The disengagement of handle from the multiplying mechanism is effected in this wise: when multiplication cancellation key 225 is manipulated by the operator, arm 227 of bellcrank lever 222 is depressed, thus moving rearward the lower end of hellcrank lever 222 and drawing floating rod 221. This movement is yieldingly transmitted through spring 219 thereby actuating lever 211 and slightly driving ratchet wheel 204 until the lower part of bevel arm 202 contacts short rod 198. Upon handle 60 being drawn forward shoulders 194 and 195 are moved forward by levers 189 and 191 and carry with them short rod 198 thereby allowing bevel arm 202 of star-wheel 200 to fall and ratchet wheel 204 to move slightly (making, with its previous movement, a total extent of movement of one tooth). At the end of the return movement of the operating handle 60, short rod 198 is forced along the upper part of bevel arm 202 thereby moving out of open slots 196 and 197. The return movement of lever 191 is insured by the tension of spring 229 fastened between hole 230 drilled in lever 191 and transverse rod 231. Lever 211 carrying ratchet pawl 213 is restored by curved spring 233 fast to it, the other endof which is secured to ratchet wheel 204.

Garry driving mechanism Cam shaft 100 which drives carrying segments 98 (when set) has been described in connection with the multiplication register and its carrying mechanism. I proceed to describe the means for rotating camshaft 100 loosely mounted on transverse rod 237 rigid with the side plates 33 and 105. In mesh with segment 236 is'pinion 238 loosely mounted on fixed transverse shaft 239. Adjacent to and on the left hand side of pinion 238 and loosely mounted on same shaft 239 is pinion 240 being in ratchet association with pinion 238 by an internal ratchet combination 241 similar to that described in connection with the multiplying segments and transmission gears. Pinion 242 is rigid with carry camshaft 100 journalled to side plates 32, 33, and 105 and is constantly in mesh with pinion 240.

On the forward movement of operating handle 60, arm 234 of sleeve 158 is moved rear ward, the movement of the operating handle 60 being transmitted by rod 235 and through segment 236. While this drives pinion 238, pinions 240 and 242 and camshaft 100 are idle owing to ratchet combination 241. But by the return stroke of operating handle 60, segment 236 is restored into normal position, driving pinion 238 in the, opposite direction and thereby propelling pinions 240 and 242 and rotating camshaft 100 one revolution. This, as already explained, drives the set segments 98 of the carrying mechanism.

Stepping mechanism When the first digit of the multiplier is being handled on the machine, the multiplication regizter 82 is in position for reception of the product of the multiplicand multiplied by the units digit of the multiplier. In order that it may be moved a step to keep correspondence with the ordinal value of each digit of the multiplier, I provide register stepping mechanism as follows. Spacing the several index Wheels of multiplication register 82 their proper distance on fixed transverse shaft 88 are a series of sleeves 243 loosely mounted on said shaft 88 and having rigid with them a series of perpendicular rods 244 guided by transverse rod 245 passing through holes drilled in rods 244. Rigid with the lower extremities of rods 244 is a bar 246 having cut in it rack teeth 247. In mesh with these is pinion 248 rotatably mounted on short longitudinal shaft 249 rigid with two transverse levers 250. Rigid with pinion 248 and rotatably mounted on shaft 249 is ratchet wheel 251 held in position by detent pawl 25-2-loosely mounted on longitudinal rod 253 fixed to transverse supports (not shown). Pawl 252 is held in the teeth of ratchet wheel 251 by the tension of spring 254 secured between hole 255 (drilled in tail-piece 256 of pawl 252) and longitudinal rod 257 the ends of which are fast to said transverse supports (not shown). Lever 258 loosely mounted on shaft 249 has rigid with its extremity, stud 259 which has loosely mounted upon it pawl 260 held in the teeth of ratchet wheel 251 by curved spring 261. Transverse floating rod 262 has one end loosely pinned to lever 258 and the other loosely pinned to arm 263 of bell-crank lever 264 which is pivotcd to short longitudinal rod 265 rigid with transverse supports (not shown). Loosely fixed to the other arm 266 of bellcrank is link 267 passing through an opening inside plate 33 and loosely fixed to longitudinal lever 268 (see Figs. 14 and 17) which is loosely pivoted on fixed transverse shaft 269.. Normally resting in depression 270 in the other end of lever 268 is roller 271 loosely pinned to arm 27 2 in one piece with segment 236, hereinheiore described. @n the beginning of the forward movement of the operating handle 60, roller 271 passes over the edge of depression 270 thereby depressing that end of lever 268. During the residue of the forward movement of the operating handle 60, roller 271 has no efi eet on lever 268 because lever 268 beyond depression 270 forms an arc over which roller 271 travels. The movement of lever 268 at the loeginning oi the forward movement of the operating handle 60 is transmitted through link 267 to bell-crank lever 264 thereby thrusting forward rod 262, and thereby, through lever 258 and pawl 260, advancing ratchet wheel 251 one tooth. This partially rotates pinion 248 and moves bar 246 (and with it multiplication register 82) one step nearer the left hand side of the machine (facing from the rear of the machine, as in Fig. )2. Pawl 260 and lever 258 are'restored into normal position by roller 271 rue-entering depression 270 at the end of the return movement of the operating handle 60. I

@rmcelling means Before multiplication register 82 is zeroized,'several other parts of the machine are to be restored into normalposition, which mechanism I proceed to describe. As already stated in connection with the devicesfor connecting multiplying mechanism with addition handle, multiplication canccllation' key 225 (see Fig. 6) is provided with stem 226 passing through top plates 27 and 28. When ey 225 is manipulated, arm 227 of bell-crank lever 222 is depressed thereby drawing rearward rods 221 and 27 3-loosely pinned to the other end of bell-crank level 222. The other end of rod 273 is loosely pinned to rods 274 and 275. The other end of rod 27 4 is loosely. pinned to lever 276 loosely mounted on transverse fixed rod 277. At the extremity of lever 27 6 is a stud 278 adapted to thrust forward arm 152 of segment 149 when key 225 is manipulated, thereby advancing pawl 154 mounted on arm 152 one tooth on the ratchet wheel 156, corresponding with one oscillation of universal driving bar 65.

Loosely inned to the end of rod 274 is another rod 279 the other end of which is loosely pinned to bell-crank lever 280 loosely mounted on transverse 'fixed rod 51. Rigid with the lower end of bell-crank lever 280 is transverse rod 282 supported at the other side by a lever (not shown) loosely mounted on shaft 51. Rod 282 rests in depressions in tail-pieces 52 of pawls which hold multiplicand segments 48 in place. When rod 27 9 is drawn rearward by manipulation of key 225, the end of bell-crank lever 280 is advanced, thus pressing rod 282 against the tail-pieces 52 of pawls 50 and thereby lifting them out oi the teeth of segmental ratchets 42. Springs 55 then restore multiplicand segments 48 into normal position, overrunning being prevented by the contacting of shoulders 283 of segmental ratchets 49 with the noses or" pawls 50. (See Figs. 3 and 16).

Loosely pinned to the end of rod 279 is another rod 284 the other end of which is loosely pinned to bell-crank lever 285 (see Fig. 17) pivoted on transverse fixed rod 286. Linlr 287 connects bell-crank lever 285 with two levers 250 (see Fig. 15) loosely mounted on rod 288 supported by transverse members (not shown). Rigidly connecting the other ends of levers 250 is shaft 249 on which is loosely mounted pinion 248 in mesh with rack teeth 247 on bar 246, as already stated in describing the stepping mechanism. The manipulation of multiplication cancellation key 225 draws rod .284, tilting bell-crank lever 285, (which movement is transmitted through link 287) and moving lever 250 and dropping pinion 248 out of mesh with rack teeth 247 This movement is so slight as not to lnterfere with the positions of pawls 252 and 260 in the teeth of ratchet wheel 251.v The multiplication register 82 is thereby allowed to be restored into normal position after having been stepped in the course of the sum into an lllll abnormal position toagree with the ordinal value of the last digit of the multiplier. The return of the register to normal position is efi'ected by the tension of spring 289 secured between a hole drilled in the perpendicular rod 244 on the extreme left (facing from the rear of the machine, as in Fig. 15) and notch 290 on the side plate 32 on the opposite side.

One end of rod 27 5 is loosely pinned to the end of rod 273 and the other end is loosely pinned to pawl 291 which is pivoted on. iixed transverse rod 292. Pawl 291 is held (by spring 293 placed between hole 294, drilled in tail 295 of pawl 291, and transverse rod 296) in notch 297 of lever 298 pivoted on rod 314 (see Fig. 2) fixed to side plates 33 and 105. Loosely pinned to an extension 315 of lever 298 is rod 299 (see Fig. 13), the other end of which is loosely pinned to lever 300 rigidly mounted on shaft 301 journalled to side plates 32, 33, and 105. Rigid with shaft 301 are a series of arms 303 having in one piece with them, ears 304 adapted when set to be within the path of travel of a series no I of studs 305 rigid with gears 80 of the multiplication register 82.

When key 225 is manipulated, tilting bellcrank lever 222 and drawing rod 275, pawl 291 is withdrawn from notch 297 thereby allowing lever 298 to rise slightly until shoulder 306 contacts with stud 307 rigid with arm 234 rigid with handle-operated sleeve 158. When operating handle is drawn forward by the operator, arm 234 of sleeve 158 is propelled rearward thereby moving stud 307 Oil shoulder 306 and allow ing lever 298 to rise. The rest of the for ward movement of the operating handle 60 does not move lever 298, the remainder of its end beyond shoulder 306 being formed into an are 308 along which stud 30? travels. At the end of are 308 is tongue 309 loosely mounted on stud 310 rigid with lever 298. Tongue is held against pin 311 fixed to lever 298, by curved spring-312 one end of which is fast to tongue 309, the other end being firmly pinned to lever 298. \Vhen stud 307 contacts with tongue 309 at the end of the forward movement of the operating handle 60, tongue 309 gives way, no motion being given to lever 298. On the beginning of the return movement of the operating handle 60, however, when stud 307 contacts with the other side of tongue 309, tongue 309 is unable to give way, being held by pin 311, and lever 298 is depressed by stud 307 passing over tongue 309 thereby allowing pawl 291 to reenter notch 297.

The rising movement of lever 298 upon the beginning of the forward movement of the operating handle 60 is transmitted through rod 299 to lever 300 fixed to shaft 301 thereby setting ears 304 of arms 303 in position to be contacted by studs 305 (rigid, as before stated) with gears 80. As hereinbefore described, pawl 154 s advanced one tooth on the ratchet wheel 156 upon manipulation of multiplication cancellation key 225 thereby allowing universal driving bar to be oscillated once under the driving influence of the operating handle 60. This allows multiplying segments 61 to rise under the tension of springs 67 thereby driving gears 80 of the multiplication register 82 until checked by the contacting of studs 305 with ears 304 of arms 303. Studs 305 are so arranged on the side of gears 80 that numeral wheels 83 are stopped in the 9 position except for that of the lowest order and those of the five highest orders which are stopped in the 0 position. When lever 298 is depressed at the beginning of the return movement of the operating handle 60, ears 304 of arms 303 are restored into normal position, thus releasing gears 80. As the return movement of the operating handle 60 progresses, the carrying mechanism carries the ten (set in it by the turning of the numeral wheel 83 of lowest order from 9 to 0 during the rising of the multiplying segment 61 of that order) through the numeral wheels of higher orders thereby setting them at 0. Inasmuch as the five higher order numeral wheels 83 are not operable in their normal lateral positions by the multiplication devices, they require no carrying mechanism.

All they require is to be set at zero by the operation of the mechanism and this is done as before stated.

While the form of mechanism herein shown and described is admirably adapted to fulfil the objects primarily stated, it is to be understood that it is not intended to confine the invention to the one form of embodiment herein shown and described, as it is susceptible of embodiment in various forms, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

What is claimed is 1. In a calculating machine, mechanism for carrying a plurality of tens from a lower to a higher order numeral wheel of the register, comprising a carry member adapted to be moved one step upon each revolution of the lower order numeral wheel and to be restored into normal position after an accumulating operation has been performed and thereby advancing the higher order numeral wheel an equivalent number of steps.

2. In a calculating machine, mechanism for carrying a plurality of tens from a lower to a higher order numeral wheel of the register, comprising a carry member associated with the higher order numeral wheel and adapted to be displaced one step each time. the lower order numeral wheel passes through zero, and a member to restore said carry member to normal position after several accumulating operations thereby eflecting the advance of the higher order numeral wheel a number of steps equivalent to the number of steps that the carry member has'been previously displaced.

3. In a calculating machine, carrying mechanism adapted to eilect a carry of a plurality of tens from a lower to a higher order numeral wheel of the register, comprising a carry member in ratchet association with the higher order numeral wheel, a projection on the lower order numeral wheel adapted to displace the carrying member one step as the lower order numeral Wheel passes through zero, a rotatable shaft having a projection thereon adapted when rotated to re-.

store the carry member thereby advancing the higher order numeral wheel an extent proportionate to the number of steps that the carry member has been displaced, and means of rotating said shaft.

4. In a calculating machine, mechanism adapted to carry a plurality of tens from a lower to a higher numeral wheel of the register, comprising a projection on the lower order numeral wheel, a member in ratchet as weaver sociation with the higher order numeral wheel and adapted to be displaced by said projection one step upon the completion of each revolution of the lower order numeral Wheel, a rotatable shaft having a projection thereon adapted to restore the carry member thereby advancing the higher order numeral Wheel an extent equivalent to the number of steps that the carry member has been dis- 30 placed, stops to regulate the movement of the carry member'and means of rotating said shaft.

In testimony whereof, I have subscribed my name.

I CHARLES BOWER COLLINS. 

